Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich - genius of the twentieth century 11 класс

the 20th century, whose music has found a deep response

in the hearts of millions of people.

A great Russian pianist and composer,
People's Artist of the Soviet Union.

composer, pianist, music and public figure, teacher, professor, doctor of

art.

Dmitri Shostakovich was born on September 25, 1906 in St. Petersburg.

Father, Dmitry Boleslavovich, is a chemical engineer, revolutionary, exiled to an eternal settlement in Siberia.

Musically gifted was the mother of the future composer - Sofya Vasilievna.

Shostakovich began composing from the age of 9. The first lessons of playing the piano were given to him by his mother, and after several months of training, when Mitya was eleven years old, she decided to identify him in the private music school of the then famous piano teacher IA Glasseur and DD. Shostakovich was able to start his studies at a private music school.

Shostakovich).

And In 1915 he enrolled in the Commercial Gymnasium of

Maria Shidlovskaya, and at the same time include his first serious musical impressions: after visiting the performance of NA. Rimsky - Korsakov "The Tale of Tsar Saltan" young Shostakovich announced his desire to seriously engage in music.

.

Young years D.D. Shostakovich

thirteen D. Shostakovich.

the unusually bright and versatile giftedness of Dmitry: a brilliant

musical memory, the ability to perfectly read from a sheet not only piano literature, but also complex orchestral scores, an inquisitive sharp mind that can quickly perceive and evaluate everything he I heard in the conservatory classes, at concerts.

work in the cinema as a musical illustrator.


In 1923 he

successfully graduated from the conservatory in piano.

Shostakovich graduated from the Leningrad Conservatory. As a thesis work

was submitted
The first symphony.
This symphony immediately determined Shostakovich's place in Soviet symphonic music, winning him the fame of one of the best and at the same time, in the late 1920s and early 1930s, the following two Shostakovich symphonies were written, both with the participation of the choir: The Second (Symphony Ordination of October, the words of AI Bezymensky) and The Third ("Pervomayskaya" , to the words of SI Kirsanov) and later D.D. Shostakovich wrote all fifteen symphonies. Dmitry Shostakovich is one of the greatest composers of the 20th century, who is the author of 15 symphonies, 6 concerts, 3 operas, 3 ballets, numerous chamber music, music for motion pictures and theater productions.

"Nose", "Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk" ("Katerina Izmaylova"), "Players" (completed by

K. Meyer)
Ballets: "The Golden Age" (1930), "Bolt" (1931) and "Bright Stream" (1935)
15 string quartets
The cycle "Twenty-Four Preludes and Fugues", for piano (1950-1951)
Festive overture for the opening of VSHV (1954)
Quintet
Oratorio "Song of the Woods"
Cantatas "Our Sun shines over the Motherland" and "The Execution of Stepan Razin"
Concerts and sonatas for various instruments
Romances and songs for voice with pianoforte and symphony orchestra
Operetta «Moscow, Cheryomushki»
Music for children: "Dancing dolls,
Music to the film: »Counter» «Simple people», «Young Guards»,
 "The Fall of Berlin", "The Gadfly", "Hamlet", "Cheryomushki", "King Lear".

MAIN WORKS

became one of the 8 finalists at the International

competition to them. Chopin in Warsaw, and the winner is his friend Lev Oborin.

Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, A. Khachaturyan.

in the world. The high level of compositional technique, the

ability to create bright and expressive melodies and themes, the masterful mastery of polyphony and the subtlest mastery of the art of orchestration, combined with personal emotionality and colossal capacity for work, made his musical works vivid, distinctive and of great artistic value. Shostakovich's contribution to the development of 20th-century music is universally recognized as outstanding, and has had a significant impact on many contemporaries and followers. Openly about the impact on them of the musical language and the personality of Shostakovich, such composers as Tishchenko, Slonimsky, Schnittke, and many other musicians declared.
The genre and aesthetic variety of Shostakovich's music is enormous, it combines elements of tonal, atonal and fret music, in the composer's work intertwines modernism, traditionalism, expressionism and "big style".

RSFSR (1942)
People's Artist of the RSFSR (1947)
People's Artist of the

USSR (1954)
People's Artist of the BASSR (1964)
The Stalin Prize of the first degree (1941) - for the piano quintet
The Stalin Prize of the first degree (1942) - for the 7th (Leningrad Symphony)
Stalin Prize of the second degree (1946) - for the trio
The Stalin Prize of the first degree (1950) - for the oratorio "The Song of the Woods" and the music for the film "The Fall of Berlin" (1949)
The Stalin Prize of the Second Degree (1952) - for ten poems for a chorus without accompaniment on the poems of revolutionary poets (1951)
The Lenin Prize (1958) - for the 11th Symphony "1905"
State Prize of the USSR (1968) - for the poem "The Execution of Stepan Razin" for bass, choir and orchestra
State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Glinka (1974) - for the 14th string quartet and the choral cycle "Loyalty"
State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR named after TG Shevchenko (1976 - posthumously) - for the opera "Katerina Izmaylova", staged on the stage of the Taras Shevchenko CAB
International Peace Prize (1954)
Prize them. J. Sibelius (1958)
The Leonie Sonning Award (1973)
Three Orders of Lenin (1946, 1956, 1966)
Order of the October Revolution (1971)
Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1940)
Order of Friendship of Peoples (1972)
Commander of the Order of Arts and Literature (France, 1958)
Silver Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit for Merit to the Republic of Austria (1967)
Medals
Honorary diploma at the 1st International Chopin Pianists Competition in Warsaw (1927).
Prize of the First All-Union Film Festival for the best music for the film "Hamlet" (Leningrad, 1964).

art can change life, make it not only meaningful, but

also beautiful, it is only necessary to show everything that makes it ugly, stressing that it depends a lot on the people themselves.

.

Shostakovich in Moscow was opened in front of the Moscow

International House of Music.

St. Petersburg State Philharmonic. D. D. Shostakovich.

the world, and his work is officially recognized as one

of the tops of modern instrumental musical art.

Dmitry Shostakovich died in Moscow on August 9, 1975 and is buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery.

The composer made an invaluable contribution to the classics of the world musical culture of the last century.

End of life